Home Menu
icon-menu-close.svg

Faculty & Research

Faculty & Research

Research Productive

Show result

Clear
Search Query :
Area :
Search Query :
3846 items in total found

Journal Articles | 2024

Digital Strategies for Engendering Resilient, Adaptive, and Entrepreneurial Agility: A Confgurational Perspective

Pankaj Setia, Kailing Deng, Shreya Pandey, Vallabh Sambamurthy

This study examines how different digital strategies influence agility in managing customer demand. We test the effects of digital strategies on three types of digitally-enabled demand management agility–adaptive, resilient, and entrepreneurial. Using a configurational perspective, we conceptualize digital strategies as the synergistic use of IT-driven and business-driven initiatives in selective or collective value chain domains. Configurations are used to outline three digital strategies: supply chain-oriented, marketing-oriented, and value chain-wide. Using data from a survey of 200 firms, we use configurational analysis to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that specialized–supply chain or marketing-oriented–digital strategies may be sufficient to create adaptive and resilient agility. However, a value chain-wide digital strategy is necessary to facilitate entrepreneurial agility. Results also indicate that a specialized digital strategy may suffice in less turbulent environments, but a value chain-wide digital strategy is required to manage demand management disruptions in highly turbulent environments.

Go to link
Read More

Journal Articles | 2024

A Bayesian nonparametric approach for multiple mediators with applications in mental health studies

Samrat Roy, Michael J Daniels, Jason Roy

Mediation analysis with contemporaneously observed multiple mediators is a significant area of causal inference. Recent approaches for multiple mediators are often based on parametric models and thus may suffer from model misspecification. Also, much of the existing literature either only allow estimation of the joint mediation effect or estimate the joint mediation effect just as the sum of individual mediator effects, ignoring the interaction among the mediators. In this article, we propose a novel Bayesian nonparametric method that overcomes the two aforementioned drawbacks. We model the joint distribution of the observed data (outcome, mediators, treatment, and confounders) flexibly using an enriched Dirichlet process mixture with three levels. We use standardization (g-computation) to compute all possible mediation effects, including pairwise and all other possible interaction among the mediators. We thoroughly explore our method via simulations and apply our method to a mental health data from Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, where we estimate how the effect of births from unintended pregnancies on later life mental depression (CES-D) among the mothers is mediated through lack of self-acceptance and autonomy, employment instability, lack of social participation, and increased family stress. Our method identified significant individual mediators, along with some significant pairwise effects.

Go to link
Read More

Journal Articles | 2024

A regularized low Tubal-Rank Model for high-dimensional time series data

Samrat Roy, George Michailidis

High dimensional time series analysis has diverse applications in macroeconometrics and finance. Recent factor-type models employing tensor-based decompositions prove to be computationally involved due to the non-convex nature of the underlying optimization problem and also they do not capture the underlying temporal dependence of the latent factor structure. This work leverages the concept of tubal rank and develops a matrix-valued time series model, which first captures the temporal dependence in the data, and then the remainder signals across the time points are decomposed into two components: a low tubal rank tensor representing the baseline signals, and a sparse tensor capturing the additional idiosyncrasies in the signal. We address the issue of identifiability of various components in our model and subsequently develop a scalable Alternating Block Minimization algorithm to solve the convex regularized optimization problem for estimating the parameters. We provide finite sample error bounds under high dimensional scaling for the model parameters

Go to link
Read More

Journal Articles | 2024

Engaging customers and suppliers for environmental sustainability: Investigating the drivers and the effects on firm performance

Amalesh Sharma, Sourav Bikash Borah, Tanjum Haque, Anirban Adhikary

While firms engage stakeholders in their sustainability practices to contribute to a better world resiliently and responsibly, little is known about what drives their ability to generate customer engagement (CE) and supplier engagement (SE) for sustainability purposes. This paper identifies, theorizes, and empirically validates the differential roles of board oversight and incentivization, along with contingencies (a chief marketing officer’s (CMO) presence and governance disclosure), in driving CE and SE. Using data from 308 firms, the paper finds that while board oversight and incentivization positively affect CE, only incentivization positively affects SE. The paper also finds significant moderation effects of CMO presence and governance disclosure. Through multiple post hoc analyses, the paper explores how CE and SE influence firm performance. The paper provides a nuanced understanding of incentive types’ effects and contributes to the literature on grand challenges connecting firms’ strategies and sustainability objectives to customer and supplier engagement.

Go to link
Read More

Journal Articles | 2024

Gender diversity and inclusion on Indian boards: Post the introduction of the mandate in 2015 and 2019

"Neharika Vohra, Kashika Sud, Chayanika Bhayana"

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of quota requirements on the proportion of women serving on corporate boards in India. By examining not just the numbers but also the composition of women directors, including their profiles—age, education and professional experience, directorship type, appointment nature, industry representation—as well as patterns in their participation in board committees, compensation, tenure, and reasons for leaving, the study aimed to understand the extent to which boards have leveraged the presence of women on boards. The study includes all 1944 National Stock Exchange (NSE)-listed companies to whom the mandate applies. The results show an increase in the number of women on boards after the quota mandate; however, there is also a rise in the same women serving on multiple boards around the date of compliance to the quota mandate, suggesting symbolic inclusion of women on boards. Symbolic management was also evidenced in a few women holding chairperson positions, and proportionately, women’s leadership in committees such as audit committees being lower than their board presence. This research offers insights into the actions of Indian corporates to comply with the mandate and yet uphold the status quo, thus being symbolic in meeting the mandate.

Go to link
Read More

Working Papers | 2024

Re-evaluating Corporate Purpose: A Critical Assessment of the Indian Stakeholder Governance Framework through a Historical and Comparative Analysis

M P Ram Mohan and Astha Pandey

In the last century, the meaning and interpretation of the purpose of the corporation has undergone a succession of ideological shifts. Corporate purpose has become the prime focus of wide-ranging debates over the shareholder primacy versus the stakeholder primacy conceptualization of the corporation. While this debate is not new, in recent times, stakeholderism and its enduring viability as a theory of the corporation has gained considerable traction. At the same time, shareholder primacy and its explanatory power as a valid theory of contemporary organizations is being increasingly questioned. The current Indian legal and regulatory framework governing corporate purpose embodies stakeholderism. In sharp contrast to this, the Anglo-American corporate law framework can be characterized as predominantly shareholder-centric. This article seeks to contribute to contemporary discourse on the theorization of corporations by evaluating the stakeholder-oriented corporate purpose framework adopted by India. In doing this, it examines the historical trajectory of the doctrine of corporate purpose in the U.S., the U.K. and India. This comparative analysis provides an opportunity for enhancing discussions on corporate purpose in comparative corporate governance scholarship given the common law heritage of these jurisdictions and the differences between them in terms of ownership patterns, governance structures and philosophies that have guided their experience with corporate purpose. Broadly, this article makes the following arguments: (i) tracing the evolution of corporate purpose demonstrates that there is a need for its re-evaluation; and (ii) despite adopting the pluralistic form of stakeholder governance, the Indian framework governing corporate purpose is lacking in certain fundamental aspects. The article also proposes certain areas for further scholarly investigation to inform the re-evaluation of corporate purpose and the direction of comparative corporate governance scholarship.

View File
Read More

Working Papers | 2024

The Supreme Court of India's Use of Inherent Power under Article 142 of the Constitution: An Empirical Study

M P Ram Mohan, Sriram Prasad, Vijay V Venkitesh, Sai Muralidhar & Jacob P Alex

The Constitution of India under Article 142 grants the Supreme Court of India with broad inherent powers to do complete justice. The contours of this inherent power and what it means to achieve complete justice were left to the Supreme Court to determine itself. In this paper, we empirically examine all the Supreme Court cases from its inception in 1950 till 2023 which use the term "Article 142" or "Complete Justice" We found 1579 cases, which were then hand-coding for many variables such as the nature of the case, where the case was appealed from, the temporal distribution, the laws involved, the nature of the issue, the judges involved, among others. The paper examines when and how the Supreme Court wields its inherent powers, generating various insights and exploring trends.

Revised and updated on May 2025:

View File View File
Read More

Journal Articles | 2024

Conceptualizing "systemically important technological institutions" as too big to fail entities: Moving the insolvency goal post

M P Ram Mohan, Sai Muralidhar K

The concept of Too Big To Fail (TBTF) has, for a long time, been associated with systemically important banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions. The emergence of Big Tech companies, which permeate global markets, challenges the traditional notions of TBTF. Big Tech companies’ growing size and interconnectedness to the global economy have led to concerns emerging in the domains of antitrust law, data privacy laws, and financial stability. A key facet of financial stability regulation is the development of robust insolvency resolution frameworks to deal with potential failures of TBTF companies. This Article analyses whether Big Tech companies pose systemic risks to the financial system and the broader economy and, consequently, if they are TBTF, should there be special insolvency resolution frameworks akin to other systemically important institutions. The systemic risks Big Techs pose today may be substantially higher than traditional TBTF firms due to their deep interconnectedness with financial institutions. The Article explores the concept of Systemically Important Technological Institutions (SITI) and the challenges in designating them as TBTF.

Go to link
Read More

Working Papers | 2024

Multi-Duty Structures in India’s Gold Import Policies: Evidence of blatant flaws using Trade data of 2023-24

Sundarvalli Narayanaswami and Anumeha Saxena

Policy initiatives to manage gold imports in India have historically relied on the use of customs duty. However, the presence of a multi-duty structure essentially offers gold traders a legal channel to re-route imports with little risk of punitive action. In this paper, we present multiple instances from FY 2023-24 where importers have significantly exploited these loopholes to import at lower rates. We also observe that exhaustive identification of alternative routes that traders can potentially exploit is infeasible. Reactive interventions to curb the traders taking advantage of the loopholes or gaps in policies are also not helpful in the long run. Traders are quick enough to snoop out the best possible channels to maximize their outcomes, which systemically leads to uneven playing fields for different types of traders. Subsequently, we show that the use of multiple taxation structures as a tool to contain Current Account Deficit (CAD) and to facilitate a level-playing market for importers of various sizes, in-fact is counter-effective. Traders are able to quickly discover more loopholes and are able to legally increase their import volumes at lesser imports duty. The current multi-duty structures to manage gold imports and in turn, India’s current account deficit, continue to be weak. To curb such unintended discounts and imports arbitrage in the domestic gold market, it is recommended that a single import duty is levied on all variants of the precious metal.

View File
Read More

Journal Articles | 2024

Political mobilization of farmers in India: A case study of Bharti Kisan Union (Ekta Ugrahan) in Punjab

P H Shyam, Naresh Singla, Sukhpal Singh

Growing agrarian contradictions and peasant protests globally are seen as outcomes of the commercialization of agricultural production systems. The Indian Punjab is one such site that has also witnessed a high degree of agricultural commercialization, and farmers’ movements and protests are attributed to growing discontentment among peasantry due to the emergence of agrarian crises. This has led to massive farmers’ movements and protests through their unionization over time. These protests received global limelight during the introduction of three farm laws by the union government of India in 2020, which were repealed in 2021. This necessitates understanding the organizational structure and functioning of unions; their social composition, mobilization strategies and role of gender. This article examines the evolution and strategies of Bharti Kisan Union (Ekta Ugrahan, ekta meaning united), which is the largest farmers’ union in Punjab and one of the largest in India. Using a mixed-method approach of research, which included interviewing union member farmers and agricultural workers through a semi-structured schedule and conducting focused group discussions with block presidents and executive committee members, the study finds that the unionization of farmers has accelerated the process of rural democratization. However, active persuasion of social reforms along with other agrarian issues in rural society by the unions is needed to bring social inclusiveness to make rural development process pro-poor and inclusive.

Go to link
Read More
IIMA