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3725 items in total found

Working Papers | 1995

Towards a Framework for a Comprehensive Theory of Entrepreneurship

Ray Sougata and Ramachandran K

In last three decades researchers with diverse disciplinary backgrounds have addressed the phenomenon of entrepreneurship leading to the emergence of multiple and seemingly unrelated theories about the subject. Apparently, no unifying framework exists in entrepreneurship literature that can bring these diverse theories together for developing a comprehensive theory of entrepreneurship. In this paper, an attempt is made to fill this void by developing a conceptual framework of entrepreneurship to guide the theory development of entrepreneurship in this direction. The framework captures the interrelationships among the various elements involved in entrepreneurship, viz., environment, entrepreneur and the resultant organization. A brief discussion is made on how the theories from different schools of entrepreneurhsip research can explain different interlinkages among these elements portrayed in the framework, thus providing a unifying platform to bring all the theories of entrepreneurship together for developing a comprehensive theory of entrepreneurship.

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Working Papers | 1995

Engineering the Agriculture in Kutch: Fodder Factory-I

Girja Sharan

This paper discusses the concept of controlled environment agriculture which may be necessary to bring arid areas like Kutch under production.

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Working Papers | 1995

Consumption Externalities and Product Quality: The Market for Military Hardware

Bibek Banerjee and YUKIKO HIRAO

This paper considers arms race between to rival nations and arms trade between these buyer countries and a number of producers. All the parties are completely informed, and the sellers manufacture differentiated products. It is shown that intensified competition among the producers leads the buyer countries to step up their military buildup but has no effect on the buyers' national welfare if they have symmetric demand for arms. We also find the conditions under which increased competition among the sellers induces all of them to produce goods of higher qualities in equilibrium.

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Working Papers | 1995

A Comment on the Independence of Irrelevant Expansion Assumption for the Non-Symmetric Nash Choice Function

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we establish three distinct results: a) a unique characterization of the family of non-symmetric Nash choice functions using an Independence of Irrelevant Expansions Assumption; b) a characterization of the entire family of choice functions (containing those determined by weighted hierarchy and those which are 'mongrel' choice functions only) satisfying Pareto Optimality, Scale Translation Covariance and Weak Independence of Irrelevant Expansions; c) as a by-product of (b) we obtain a characterization of the family of choice functions determined by a weighted hierarchy by slightly strengthening the Weak Independence of Irrelevant Expansions assumption.

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Working Papers | 1995

Cooperative Rural Banking: and Anad Shows the Growth-Oriented Path

Desai B M and Namboodiri N V

This paper is about how Anand Farmers Service Cooperative Bank could be successful under the same macro rural credit policies that governed most rural financial institutions. This bank is innovative in both the spirit of its cooperation and rural banking. It could be so because of (1) strategy of nothing succeeds like success howsoever small it is, (2) organizational continuity that has made this bank democratic, decentralized and yet accountable, and (3) organizational principles of vertical structure, high density, larger reach and diversified services for rural clientele. The paper also shows that these three factors have enabled this bank to be financially viable and growth-oriented. And it concludes with some suggestions on what macro rural credit policies may continue and which ones of them need modifications to extend the experiment of this bank.

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Working Papers | 1995

A Watering System for Potted Plants

Girja Sharan, Kumar Sanjay, and Kumar M Krishna

This paper deals with design of a watering system for a large number of potted plants that form part of a landscape. Installation of the system was motivated by a desire to save labour, time and water. The system now in operation consists of delivery rings to which are attached large number of microtube emitters. Each emitter takes water to one pot, each ring caters to a cluster of 20 to 25 pots. More can be added when needed. Flow rate from emitters can be varied by changing the length of tube. Cost of the system was Rs.5800/- and it takes care of about 600 potted plants. Presently no provision has been made for fertigation of filtering, which is proposed to be added later.

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Working Papers | 1995

Indian Political Environment: Democracy and a Citizens Right to Influence Government

Singh J P

The paper focuses on the prevailing political environment in the country and the influence it has on a citizen. It deals with the issues related to the role of executive, judiciary and legislature with regard to the functioning of democracy in the country. It suggests several structural re-arrangements and makes recommendations for the improvement of the general political environment. The paper is written as the possible reading in the IPSE course.

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Working Papers | 1995

Knowledge Building in Industry-Technology Institution Joint R & D Projects: A Process Model

N Prabhu Ganesh

Technology institutions (TIs) traditionally rely on industry for funding basic research, generating researchable problems and commercializing their R&D, while industrial firms traditionally rely on TIs for basic research and solutions to problems beyond their R&D capabilities. Intense firm – TI interactions in joint R&D projects also lead to both anticipated and unanticipated knowledge building and transfer across participating organizations which widen the scope of their technological and commercial activities. The type and scope of knowledge building depends on the mode of project process adopted. Synthesizing from several in depth project case studies, this paper proposes a typological theory based model, which traces the process of knowledge building in three identified ideal types of effective project process in industry – TI joint R&D projects, labeled Contracted Technology Development, Interactive Technology Transfer and Joint Technology Development. These models can enable practitioners in understanding and initiating effective knowledge development processes in such projects.

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Working Papers | 1995

Demand for Farm Tractors: Two Models

Girja Sharan

Demand prediction for farm tractors is of interest to industry and government. Two different models were developed earlier. One termed a causal model, was similar to a model of a process driven by potential difference. The other was based on time series analysis. In this paper the performance of these is examined over a ten-year span, and their special merits discussed.

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Working Papers | 1995

The Equal Loss Choice Function Revisited

Lahiri Somdeb

Choice theory is a mathematical discipline which studies the problem of choosing a point from a set of points by studying the mathematical properties of maps assigning an outcome to each choice problem in some class of choice problems. A large literature has grown up concerning choice problems in Euclidean spaces. A typical choice problem is then a compact, convex, comprehensive subset of the non-negative orthant of a finite dimensional Euclidean space, containing a strictly positive vector. For such choice problems, Yu (1973) and Freimer and Yu (1976) have introduced a class of solutions obtained by minimizing the distance of the “ideal point”, measured by some norm. The equal loss solution is one such. However neither Yu (1973) nor Freimer and YU (1976), succeeded in characterizing such solutions axiomatically. It was in Chun (1988) that we find a complete axiomatic characterization of the equal loss solution for the first time. A brief glance at the proof of Chun's theorem, begs the questions, whether there is a simple alternative proof. The purpose of this paper is to provide such a proof, by modifying the technique suggested by Thomson and Lensberg (1989), in their axiomatic characterization of the egalitarian solution. In the later sections of the paper we consider choice problems with variable dimensions and obtain an axiomatic characterization of the equal-loss-choice function using a reduced choice problem property, first invoked in the relevant literature by Peters, Tijs and Zarzuelo (1994). We are thereby able to drop the assumption of Strong Monotonicity with Respect to the Ideal point, which is used in the original characterization.

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