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Working Papers | 1994

Learning by Blundering Around Some Experiences in International Management

Singh J P

Based upon the experiences of American Companies operating abroad the paper focuses on the issue of learning in management. It shows that costly mistakes can be avoided by looking at the blunders committed by others. It also aims at generating information about similar cases in India.

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Working Papers | 1994

Voluntary Action in India: Role, Trends and Challenges

Bhatt Anil

The paper discusses the role of modern voluntary organizations. The analytical categories of developmental, mobilization and political roles have been formulated to understand the impact of voluntary organizations on government, people and politics. The paper argues that voluntarism has brought about many innovations in doing development and working for equality and justice but its overall impact in either improving the physical quality of life or achieve justice and equality for the weak and the oppressed is insignificant. VOs have not been able to transcend their micro and local concerns. At one level VOs' role is essentially political insofar as it wants to bring about social transformation by redistributing power, status and wealth; at other level VOs have always turned away from dealing with mainstream power politics. Their micro level work in spite of its laudable achievements have reached a dead and in terms of social transformation. That is why distortions and decay have crept into the work of voluntary organizations in the last few years. It is suggested that if voluntary organizations want to bring about social transformation and avoid stagnation they must take on the task of changing and reforming political institutions, political processes and political behavior.

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Working Papers | 1994

Structure, Firm Size and Technical Efficiency: Some Observations on Indian Industry

Patibandla Murali

The empirical results of this paper, for a sample of firms belonging to a light Indian engineering industry, show that very small and large firms are relatively technically inefficient in production. The larger size group of small firms appears to realize the highest level of technical efficiency. This is explained on the basis of organizational behavior of large and small firms as a response mechanism to the product and factor market structure conditions.

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Working Papers | 1994

Hire-Purchase Installments: Are you Quoting Right?

Ragunathan V and Rao C V

This paper is concerned with the practice in the financial sector to quote hire-purchase installments for 100% finance schemes and deposit linked hybrid finance schemes on the basis of equal IRRs. The paper shows the inherent problems in the methodology adopted by the industry and highlights the extent to which the industry may be under quoting in cases of its hybrid schemes and presents a more equitable approach to quotations for different schemes, the paper also presents a more acceptable approach to such quotations.

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Working Papers | 1994

Restructuring Rural Financial Institutions

Basu Shyamal K

This paper first identifies major proposals being considered now for restructuring rural financial institutions (RFIs). It then discusses main reasons which may have prompted these proposals. These are (1) inefficiencies of multi-agency approach, (2) dependency of RFIs, (3) autonomy of RFIs (in regard to reserve requirements, priority sector lending, loan appraisal, monitoring and recovery, and interest rates), and (4) explicit and implicit viability of RFIs. Various proposals are evaluated to find out whether they are suitable or not and if not, what alternatives are required to tackle the problems of RFIs. Based on this the paper shows that neither the upward revision in lending rates nor these restructuring proposals are required for improving viability of RFIs. An alternative proposal of restructuring RFIs is then suggested. This proposal discusses six strategic organizational principles of developing RFIs. These are (1) encouraging multiple institutions, (2) promoting appropriate forms of organization, (3) achieving vertically integrated organizational structure, (4) developing suitable density of field-offices, (5) enlarging reach or coverage of rural clients, and (6) accelerating diversified and multiple functions. Both systemic and procedural macro and micro innovations that stress the process aspect of institutional development are outlined. This restructuring proposal emphasizes the mission of decentralized institutional development of RFIs. Its vision is diversified, multiple and joint-products oriented rural banking that is autonomous but accountable. And it has a potential to make RFIs more viable and agricultural and rural growth-oriented.

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Working Papers | 1994

Can PHC System in India Deliver Emergency Obstetric Care? A Management Perspective on Safe Motherhood Programme

Dileep Mavalankar

India has an extensive network of hospitals and health centres with a large field staff in the government sector which has been providing primary health care. Of late this infrastructure has been effective in delivering immunization services to the community. The Child Survival and Safe Motherhood (CSSM) programme envisages strengthening these infrastructures to provide Emergency Obstetric services (EOC) which is the heart of the Safe Motherhood initiative. This paper reviews the state of the PHC system in India from a management perspective to assess its capability to deliver effective EOC. We analyze the Strengths and Weaknesses of the PHC system and the Threats and Opportunities that the environment offers with regards to the development of an EOC facility. Following the strategic management frame work we analyze the safe motherhood program as it is currently planned. Analysis of CSSM program based on strategic management frame work shows that the programme has not planned to achieve congruence between Environment, Structure, Strategy and Processes. It is following a blueprint approach. This is likely to lead to sub-optimal performance. Major inputs are focusing on orientation training and supply of consumable only. Training mainly focuses on technical aspects neglecting the organizational and human aspects. The key management systems such as referral, supportive supervision, problem solving, skill-based training, participation, motivating and rewarding as well as monitoring are very weak in the government PHC system, which will hamper the effective implementation of safe motherhood programme. We suggest some management interventions based on strategic management framework which will support the Safe motherhood programme strategy and make it more effective.

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Working Papers | 1994

Estimation of Price Elasticity of Fertilizer Demand in India

Ravindra H. Dholakia and Majumdar Jagdip

The empirical evidence on the price elasticity of fertilizer demand in India is not conclusive. In order to properly estimate the likely impact of the policy changes affecting fertilizer prices on the fertilizer use and hence on the agricultural growth in the country, magnitude of the short-run and long-run price elasticity of fertilizer demand is essential. The present study attempts to estimate the elasticity coefficients by appropriately specifying the fertilizer demand function. Both static as well as dynamic models are considered. The fertilizer demand in India is found to be price inelastic in the short-run and even in the long-run. Our estimates based on a time series macro level data from 1966-67 to 1991-92 are corroborated by the findings of a recent survey carried out in U.P.

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Working Papers | 1994

Political Processes in Grievance Resolution: Managing Meaning of Due Process in Organization

Varman Rahul

This paper studies the actual process of grievance resolution from a political perspective in one of the largest integrated public sector steel plants in India. Six grievances case were analyzed from a political perspective. It is found that sources of power of the key actors and the influence tactics they use on one-another finally determines whether the case is decided in favor or against the grievant. Resolution of a particular grievance is only an episode in the ongoing political processes in an organization. Moreover, a proper understanding of political behavior involved in grievance resolution requires analysis at two levels: one, the explicit-apparent behavior of the actors: and two, the implicit-underlying behavior, which lies beneath what is apparent and manifests itself as symbols.

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Working Papers | 1994

On the Existence and Efficiency of a Voting Equilibrium for a Public Good Economy

Lahiri Somdeb

The main purpose of this paper is to formalize the concept of a compromise function. Subsequently, given a compromise function, we define a voting equilibrium and prove the existence of such equilibrium. We further show in our analysis that under some assumptions a voting equilibrium is Pareto optimal. We also show that voting equilibrist is invariant under cost linearizing transformations of the original economy. Finally, we close our analysis by exhibiting an intimate relationship between voting equilibria and Nash equilibria in the case of private provision of public goods.

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Working Papers | 1994

Rationing and the Private Provision of a Public Good

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we study a solution concept for resource allocation in an economy with public goods and a fixed set of cost-shares for each agent. This solution is originally due to Champsaur (1979). We study the existence and some interesting properties of this solution.

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