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Working Papers | 1987

Technology for Dry Farming: How Do the Scientists, Students & Farmers View the Challenge?

Anil K. Gupta

An exploratory study of scientific goal setting in dry farming areas was pursued during 1985. The post-graduate students as well as scientists engaged in dry farming research from a North Indian agricultural university and its regional station were interviewed besides the scientists from All India Coordinated Research Project on Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad. The farmers operating in the hinterland of the university as well as regional station were also contacted to contrast their perception with that of the scientists. Perception of scientists regarding indigenous technology developed by the farmers was studied to understand the match or mis-match existing between their perception vis-à-vis that of the farmers. The post-graduate research pursed in different universities during 1973 to 1983 in five disciplines viz., Agronomy, Genetics and Plant Breeding, Economics, Extension and Sociology was analyzed to understand the type of the skills which are being built up for facing the challenge of 21st century. The policy implications for making dry farming research more attractive for the post-graduate students and the concerned scientists have been given. The need for restructuring the approach to dry farming research management has been underlined. The contribution of ecological variables as distinct from economic variables in the choice of technology by the farmers have also been studied.

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Working Papers | 1987

A Note on the Second Order Conditions for Isoperimetric Problems in Dynamic Optimization

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we obtain a clear statement of the second order necessary condition for isoperimetric problems in dynamic optimization.

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Working Papers | 1987

Optimal Consumption Plans with Uncertain Planning Periods

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we study the one sector optimal growth model with uncertain planning horizons. We prove the non-existence of steady states, and the dependence of optimal capital stock at time 't' on the conditional probability of a 't' period planning horizon given that the planning process does not terminate before time 't'. We illustrate our results using a consumption optimal growth model and Cobb-Douglas technology.

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Working Papers | 1987

A New Proof of the Maximum Principle in Optimal Control Theory

Lahiri Somdeb

A new proof of the maximum principle is established in this paper, for the simplest problem in optimal control theory.

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Working Papers | 1987

Role of Women in Risk Adjustment in Drought Prone Regions

Anil K. Gupta, Yugandhar Mandavkar, Amin Surekha, and Shah Rekha N

Households strategies for adjustment with risks is an understudied subject, in general but role of women in this regard has remained particularly neglected. Author had taken up a comprehensive study of Impoverishment in Drought Prone Regions in collaborations with Swiss Dev Corporation and NABARD during 1981 in a drought prone district (Ahmednagar) of Maharashtra. The purpose was to identify the policy options for rural credit for drought prone regions. Subsequently during 1985-86, some of the women member of the households were revisited to understand the changes if any in terms of repertoire of the risk adjustment strategies. The paper summarizes some of the ways in which rural women contribute towards risk adjustment with special reference to the problems of credit. This is a preliminary draft and a more comprehensive study will be separately brought out.

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Working Papers | 1987

How Much Does Money Matter in India?

Sharma Ram Lal

Money is not unique in India as it claimed by the monetarists in the context of the U.S.A. Because (i) Bi-directional relationship was found between nominal money and nominal income. (ii) The same type of relationship was found between money and real income.

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Working Papers | 1987

Existence of Nash Equilibrium Programs of Capital Accumulation Under Altruistic Preferences: The Continuous Time Case

Lahiri Somdeb

This paper presents a general model of altruistic growth in continuous time, where agents' welfare are assumed separable in current consumption levels and levels of incremental consumption. We prove the existence of Nash Equilibrium Programs of Capital accumulation.

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Working Papers | 1987

Optimal Maintenance and Life of Machines, Subject to Time Varying Rate of Depreciation

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we study the optimal maintenance policy and life of machines with time varying decay rate of quality. Many management problems involve the determination of the life or horizon of an activity in combination with the management of it. We study a particular class of such problems, and obtain solutions for optimal maintenance policies and life of machines.

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Working Papers | 1987

Marine Fisheries Development: An Outlook at Turn of the Century and Key Policy Issues

Srivastava Uma Kant

Marine fisheries will have to play a crucial role in augmenting supplies both in the domestic as well as export markets. Thrust of the development will be deep sea and brackish water resources. The exploitation of these resources, particularly deep sea, will require a rapid transition from chartering of vessels to joint ventures and owned fleet with modern and sophisticated technology. Creation of sizeable owned fleet would require massive credit and fiscal support. This thrust for exploitation of deep sea resources can be sustained with consorted attempts to formulate and implement strategies for product development and marketing in both domestic as well as export markets. This will also require the attention to develop the necessary infrastructure to handle such vessels, onshore processing facilities, better management of fishing harbors, cold chain grid in the domestic markets, development of transit and terminal markets at wholesale and retail levels. Boat Building Yards will have to take up new challenges. This also throws up challenges for net marketing industry in this country. All these developments would also require massive efforts for training and development of manpower. This paper deals with all these areas in a systems framework and suggests appropriate policy support measures for strengthening various elements of the system.

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Working Papers | 1987

Marketing of Fresh Water Fishes in India

Srivastava Uma Kant

In this paper an attempt has been made to analyze the marketing pattern (use flows, physical flows, channel flows and fishermen's share in consumer rupee) of fresh water fishes and to summarize the key areas for action to improve the marketing system and farmer's share in consumer rupee. Before discussing the marketing pattern, demand-supply scenario, price behavior of fish vis-à-vis other commodities and role of inland fisheries in meeting the demand is presented. The most important concern for improving the fish marketing system is to give larger share of consumer's rupee to fisherman/fish farmers. As the same time availability of fish to consumers including those located in the hinterland, need to be assured at reasonable prices. Keeping these two major concerns in view, following areas of actions can be suggested for improving inland fish marketing system: (i) Market Regulations, Weights and Measurements, (ii) Strengthening of Transit-and-Terminal Markets and setting up of Retail Markets, (iii) Packing and Transportation, and (iv) Vertical Integration of Cooperative from Primary to Transit and Terminal Markets.

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