In recent years there has been an increasing concern regarding the effectiveness and efficiency of technology institutions (TIs). This has prompted several developing countries to launch programmes to restructure their TIs to respond to the changing needs of industry which are undergoing a process of liberalization and globalization. In India subsequent to the initiation of the New Economic Policy in mid-a991 the CSIR launched a new strategy aimed at (a) reorienting R&D programmes towards the needs of industry, (b) forging alliances with various links in the innovation chain, and (c) effective management and marketing of its knowledge base. This paper briefly presents the findings of a study of industrial technology development in India undertaken during the period 1993-95 (i.e. shortly after the launch of the New Economic Policy) and then discusses case studies of the experiences of select TIs and explores some managerial implications.