An attempt has been made in this paper to estimate the extent of technical progress in Indian agriculture during the period 1950-51 to 1988-89. An analysis of the sources of growth of Indian agriculture is also presented in the paper. The concluding part of the paper examines briefly the role of government in promoting modernization of Indian agriculture and also presents some estimates of the contribution of technical progress in Indian agriculture to the overall acceleration in economic growth observed in Indian economy during the 80's.