The discussion of the macropraxis of alienation in this paper is divided into three parts: • Part one is an examination of the relevant portions of the Constitutional vision which is the basis of the superstructure which Indian society has given to itself. • Part two is a general overview of various definitions of Indian society in order to gain a sharper understanding of the context of industrial relations. • Part three is a critical evaluation of various industrial relations theories with a view to developing an appropriate theoretical perspective for analyzing trade union praxis in the Indian context.