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3722 items in total found

Working Papers | 2015

Evaluating the Purchase Process of Household Appliances Accounting for Consumers' Attitudes towards Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Consumption Behavior

Tanushri Banerjee and Arindam Banerjee

Globally depleting fuel resources like coal, oil and gas has triggered discussions in various forums in India emphasizing the significance of renewable energy sources like solar, hydro, wind and bio gas for future sustenance of society. Anticipating a shift of the consumer mindset towards Greener Technology products, organizations have identified this niche market and introduced a range of products for various customer segments. We have used the Howard Sheth Model of consumer behavior to understand how consumers generally look at broad range of factors including energy efficiency when purchasing major appliances, with the factors differing both in nature and order of importance across appliance types. Although there exists significant literature on consumers' purchase decision, there is not much literature available for consumers' purchase decision in emerging countries of home appliances considering environmentally friendly factors. This research work aims to study the growing energy saving consciousness and environmental friendly considerations during purchase decision of consumers in India. This is in the context of the purchase of 2 home appliances-the refrigerator and the air-conditioner in Gujarat post 2010. Indicators like star rating have been used as influencing factor on consumers' decision during purchase. It will provide an understanding of the various parameters that are considered by consumers and the degree to which they influence during the purchase of air-conditioners and refrigerators.

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Working Papers | 2015

India's Mandatory CSR, Process of Compliance and Channels of Spending

Satish Y. Deodhar

Corporate charity is not new to India. This voluntary action of the companies, however, is now blended with a mandatory requirement. The paper lays out the provisions of the CSR norms as per the new Companies Act 2013, the process of its implementation, responsibilities of the company board and the CSR committee, list of activities that qualify for the CSR compliance, and penalties for violation. The paper also discusses the perceived arguments against mandatory CSR, industry response, the issue of anchoring CSR spending to the minimum mandatory requirement, estimate of the magnitude of total CSR spending, and the Channels of CSR Spending by companies.

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Working Papers | 2015

Network Structure, Capacity Growth and Route Hierarchies: The case of China's Air Traffic System (ATS) revisited

Hans Huber

This paper examines air traffic patterns among China's scheduled airlines in January 2006 and January 2011, using Official Airline Guide data on carrier schedules. The author classifies Chinese carriers into one of 4 classes. Airports are also organized into a classification scheme based on several criteria related to the total volume of traffic, the carriers serving the airports and the nature of the airports to which they are connected. Counts, sums, percentage shares and changes in these calculations between 2006 and 2011 are presented in a small number of tables. Inferences about the fundamental structure and future patterns of capacity growth for the yet not fully emerged Chinese ATS can be drawn.

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Working Papers | 2015

Intellectual Property Protection in India and
Implications for Health Innovation: Emerging Perspectives

Rakesh Basant and Shuchi Srinivasan

With the advent of TRIPS, the IP regimes have changed in most WTO member countries. India also came up with its own version of TRIPS compatible IP regime which has been hailed by some as a 'model' regime for developing countries, while others are not convinced that it will provide the right incentives for medical innovation and enhance access to healthcare. This paper undertakes a review of available studies to provide a perspective on the role of IP protection in developing healthcare innovations. Broadly, the relevant literature in the context of India has followed two strands: some studies focus on the implications of the new IP regime on access to healthcare, while others explore the implications of IP on innovation in general and medical innovation, in particular. Interestingly, the two strands do not converge. Moreover, many studies view IP driven innovations as a constraint on access, as these are expected to be monopolized by the IP owner. We argue that there is merit in viewing healthcare access and innovation as complementary processes. This is particularly the case when one defines 'health innovation' more broadly to include:(a) Product innovations in drugs; (b) Process innovations in pharmaceutical industry; (c) New drug delivery mechanisms , bio-enhancers and dosage forms; (d) Product innovations in medical equipment and devices; (e) Innovations in the delivery of health services; and (f) Policy innovations to enhance access to healthcare.

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Working Papers | 2015

A study of technological capability among product based telecom start-ups in India: Role of knowledge, learning and bricolage

Prageet Aeron and Rekha Jain

Present work explores the development of new products among telecom start-ups in India. This paper weaves together threads of literature including innovation, bricolage, learning and knowledge acquisition and technological capability. We employ a qualitative research method and works through the data collected from seven independent start-ups. Our work proposes a process model for the evolution of technological capability as a result of complex interplay between existing knowledge, bricolage, new knowledge acquisition, and combinative capabilities. Paper further identifies gap focused learning and market focused learning as the two dominant learning mechanisms and also develops a conceptualization for studying architecture among the telecom related firms.
Keywords: New product development; Bricolage; Learning; Technological capability.

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Working Papers | 2015

Role of Clusters and Certification in the Internationalization of Offshoring Service Providers from Emerging Markets:
A Study of Indian IT firms

Rajesh Upadhyayula, D. Karthik, and Amit Karna

We adopt a resource-based view to investigate the drivers of internationalization of emerging market offshoring service providers (OSPs). Using data from Indian IT firms between 1992 and 2002, we investigate the effect of cluster presence and quality certification on OSP internationalization and in moderating the internationalization-performance relationship. Our findings contribute to the OSP literature by proposing a significant role for clustering and certification. We find a positive effect of certification on OSP internationalization. Although certification contributes negatively to OSP performance, it positively moderates the performance effect of OSP internationalization. Cluster presence was found to drive OSP's overall performance.

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Working Papers | 2015

Influence of Board Diversity and Characteristics on CEO Compensation: Contingent Effects of Concentrated Ownership

Bala N. Balasubramanian, Samir K. Barua, and D. Karthik

The crisis in the financial and the banking sectors in 2008-2009 brought back into focus the issue of CEO and top management compensation. The unconscionably high compensations, unjustified even remotely by performance, raised concerns about governance of companies. The study, the first of its kind, investigates the efficacy of board diversity and various measures of board independence for different ownership structures and different types of concentrated owners-private domestic, private foreign and government, in controlling CEO compensation in the same economic setting. The sample for the study consists of companies that were a part of the diversified 100 stock index of the National Stock Exchange in India for the period 2007-2012. The main theoretical contribution is that the impact of board diversity and board mechanisms is moderated by the type of concentrated ownership. Separation of board chair and CEO positions is the single most important governance measure for controlling excessive compensation to CEOs. Other board mechanisms to check executive compensation work along predicted lines for firms with dominant foreign owners but do not work for other types of concentrated ownership. Gender diversity and large number of non-executive independent directors deflate CEO compensation only in case of companies with foreign dominant owners. Besides theoretical contribution on moderating influence of type of concentrated ownership, the results provide actionable inputs for changes in legislation and practice of corporate governance.

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Working Papers | 2015

Strategic Paths and Performance of Born Globals:
A Study of Indian IT Firms

D. Karthik, Rajesh Upadhyayula, and Rakesh Basant

Extant literature suggests that post entry internationalization strategies and performance implications of born globals is an under-researched area. In this paper, we examine the internationalization strategies of born global firms and performance implications thereof through strategic group analysis of hand collected data from Indian information technology firms. We identified four distinct strategic paths followed by born global firms. While some internationalization paths have performance differences others show equifinality. These performance differences primarily stem from the choice of degree of commitment and scope of internationalization. We also find that the nature of services and ways of mobilization or deployment of resources explain the different internationalization paths and consequently performance. Our paper contributes to the theory on born globals by using strategic lens to explain the internationalization paths and their performance implications. Further, our paper also provides distinct insights to practice by charting internationalization paths for an emerging born global firm.

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Working Papers | 2015

Diversity and Inclusion at the Workplace: A Review of Research and Perspectives

Nisha Nair and Neharika Vohra

In recent years, the discourse on diversity has seen a shift to that of inclusion. While there is a rich body of research in the area of diversity, inclusion has emerged as a fairly recent area of exploration and the varied meanings and interpretations of the terms make it ripe for examining the literature on diversity and that of inclusion to offer a deeper and nuanced understanding of their meanings and conceptualizations. This review in attempting to do the same also examines the intersectionalities of leadership with diversity and inclusion, and offers insights for taking the research forward

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Working Papers | 2015

Exploring Antecedents of Technology Usage and Stress

Dheeraj Sharma and Rajesh Chandwani

The ubiquitous and pervasive use of ICT (Information communication technology) has transformed the contemporary workplace. ICT has enabled blurring of geographical boundaries leading to freedom from being restricted to the physical workplace and has dramatically increased the pace of information flow. While these affordances have enhanced the potential of an employee to be more flexible in meeting the work demands, the above properties have also resulted in continuous engagement of the employee with the workplace and an enhanced expectation of the employers to be prompt in attending the workplace related issues. Thus, potentially, ICT use can increase the work stress significantly. While 'technostress', the stress related to the use of ICT in workplace, as a phenomenon is underexplored, the processual aspects of technostress, particularly, the mechanisms by which ICT use can cause stress is especially understudied. The present study contributes to the literature on ICT use by employees by examining the conflicting aspects of the use of ICT in work place. Specifically, we investigate the processual aspects of technostress by exploring the effect of ICT usage on perception of autonomy, time pressure, work-life balance and work stress.

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