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3721 items in total found

Journal Articles | 2019

Women's political leadership and economic empowerment: Evidence from public works in India

Klaus Deininger, Hari K Nagarajan, and Sudhir K Singh

Journal of Comparative Economics

Despite recent advances, women trail men in political participation, especially in developing countries where the long-term economic benefits from empowering women politically have not been well-researched. We use data from 163 villages of 12 main Indian states to explore whether requiring that village leadership positions be held by women (political reservation) affected uptake of economic opportunities via the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme. Reservation triggered increases in women's demand for work, program participation, and access to financial services that were sustained beyond the period of female political leadership. Enhanced female participation in program oversight, civic engagement, and electoral participation are plausible channels for such effects and political and economic empowerment seem to be complementary.

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Journal Articles | 2019

Impact of regulatory framework on bidding behavior of firms: Policy implications for the oil & gas sector

Sunil Sharma and Mukesh Sud

Energy Policy

India's economy is heavily dependent on foreign oil with the country importing nearly 80% of its crude requirement. Consequently, government of India has been keen to encourage private investment in this sector through attractive policy frameworks. The earlier New Exploration Licensing Policy (1999–2015) has met with limited success, especially in the context of attracting multinational firms, necessitating its replacement with Open Acreage Licensing Policy. The factors that resulted in the limited success of a regulatory framework are not fully understood, especially the impact of firms bidding behavior. This paper adopts a qualitative approach to examine bidding decisions of four petroleum exploration firms across several bidding rounds from a resource picking mechanism perspective. Our findings suggest that uncertainties in the regulatory framework were exploited by the firms resulting in policy inefficacy. Our research identifies four variants of uncertainties and three types of aggressive bidding behavior. We recommend that in order to increase policy efficacy, there is a need to decrease stance uncertainty. Further adoption of a behavioral strategy lens to examine regulatory policy can inform the extant literature.

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Journal Articles | 2019

Addressing the undergraduate internship challenge in developing countries:A “learning-by-doing” project-based online internship model

Vijaya Sherry Chand and Ketan S. Deshmukh

Education And Training

Purpose

The difficulties higher education institutions in developing countries face in finding adequate and relevant onsite student internship opportunities make a case for online internships. The purpose of this paper is to present an online internship model, developed over a two-year period, which challenged students to engage in learning-by-doing projects that addressed a key barrier in the implementation of ICT policies in public education, the paucity of audio-visual content in local languages.

Design/methodology/approach

The design of the model comprised the development of instructional videos by 340 interns, the evaluation of the videos by two interns and their testing by 31 interns through a field experiment using a between-subjects pre-test – post-test design in 54 schools. The process was repeated the following year with the field experiment replaced by the development of teaching manuals. The changes in reflective learning among 112 of the 119 interns who developed video content in this repeat round were assessed.

Findings

The field experiment found that the intern-developed videos improved Mathematics and Science scores among school students but not the attitudes to these subjects. Participation in online internships improved reflective learning.

Research limitations/implications

The evaluation of change in reflective learning is based on self-reported measures.

Practical implications

The online internship model presented in the paper can address concerns related to inadequate internship opportunities, while addressing gaps in public policy implementation by systems such as education, health and rural development.

Originality/value

The paper outlines the design of an online student internship model and a methodology for implementing it. The study indicates the feasibility of a low-cost, large-scale online model of internship.

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Journal Articles | 2019

Numeracy and financial literacy of forest-dependent communities

Sundar Balakrishna and Vineet Virmani

Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers

The article examines the numeracy and financial literacy of the Indian forest-dependent communities (FDC) involved in the joint forest management (JFM) programme, launched by the Government of India in 1990. An understanding of the financial literacy levels of the Indian FDCs may provide insights to policymakers regarding customized literacy programmes that can reduce exploitation from petty traders and local forest officials. The research draws sample data from FDCs of two geographical regions with differing resource endowments (Rayalaseema and the coastal region) in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The results show that a third of the sampled members of the FDCs were able to answer the questions on probability and simple interest correctly. At least half of the sample had a clear idea on the time value of money and had less difficulty in computing when the mathematical questions were framed in the form of sentences which embedded situations from their daily lives. Participants, however, faced difficulty in recognizing mathematical symbols and performing simple computations in addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The average scores of the sample in the standard numeracy and financial literacy tests were 4.98 (out of 12 points) and 1.32 (out of 5 points), respectively.

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Journal Articles | 2019

Spirituality and innovative behaviour in teams: Examining the mediating role of team learning

Ashish Pandey, Vishal Gupta, and Rajen K. Gupta

IIMB Management Review

Employees’ creative and innovative contributions greatly influence an organisation's success. Drawing on positive affect, adult learning theory, work engagement, and the componential theory of creativity, this study examines relationships among team spiritual climate, team learning, and team innovative work behaviours. Data were collected from 336 employees of 66 teams across 12 business organisations in India. An analysis of relationships was performed with team-level aggregated scores of individual responses using structural equation modelling. Results suggest that spiritual climate has a positive association with learning in teams, and team learning mediates the relationship between spiritual climate and team-level innovative behaviours.

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Journal Articles | 2019

Shareholders' reaction to ethical image of sports teams: an event study in the Indian Premier League.

Saravana Jaikumar, Viswanath Pingali, and Vineet Virmani

Decision

Using event study analysis on a sports team and parent firm in the Indian Premier League, we show that investors react adversely to: (1) unethical but legal activity that may have a positive impact on the firm’s value and (2) unethical and illegal activity that does not necessarily impact the day-to-day performance of the firm. We use the novel sample-quantiles test to analyze the events in a ‘single-firm single-event’ context. Results suggest that investors are sensitive to and care about the ethical image of the sports team and parent firm. Further, when the parent firm’s core function is unrelated to the sport, the performance of the team may not have a significant impact on the firm’s valuation. We also make a broader contribution wherein we provide direct evidence linking unethical activities with negative valuation, while ruling out the rent-seeking explanation.

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Journal Articles | 2019

Inflation expectations in India: Learning from household

Abhiman Das, Kajal Lahiri, and Yongchen Zhao

International Journal of Forecasting

We use a large household survey that is being conducted by the Reserve Bank of India since 2005 to estimate the dynamics of aggregate inflation expectations over a volatile inflation regime. A simple average of the quantitative responses produces biased estimates of the official inflation data. We therefore estimate expectations by quantifying the reported directional responses. We perform quantification by using the hierarchical ordered probit model, in addition to the balance statistic. We find that the quantified expectations from qualitative forecasts track the actual inflation rate better than the averages of the quantitative forecasts, highlighting the filtering role of qualitative tendency surveys. We also report estimates of the disagreement among households. The proposed approach is particularly suitable in emerging economies, where inflation tends to be high and volatile.

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Journal Articles | 2019

Financial support vis-a-vis share of wind generation: Is there an inflection point?

Dipti Gupta, Abhiman Das, and Amit Garg

Energy

Wind power is one of the leading source of renewable energy in terms of installed capacity, power generation and technology maturity in the world today. It is promoted through financial support such as Feed-In Tariffs (FIT), renewable certificates, investment grants and tax incentives almost everywhere in the world. Attractive power pricing and a general global thrust for renewables have resulted in increasing the wind power capacity from 17 GW in 2000 to 514 GW in 2017. This paper analyses the relationship between financial mechanisms and wind capacity and wind power generation across 15 countries and 10 US states over 2006–2017. These countries/states contribute to 88% of total wind generation capacity in 2017, and contribution of their individual wind capacities to overall electricity generation rose from 0.15 to 24.2% (2006) to 1.2–38.5% (2017). Our analysis indicates that the trend of financial support reverses beyond an inflection point vis-à-vis the share of wind power in total power generated. The inflection point exists for all countries but the value varies across countries. The relationships are statistically significant. This has important policy implications with regard to the governments’ approach towards promoting wind power as share of wind generation increases.

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Journal Articles | 2019

What drives human resource acquisition and retention in social enterprises? An empirical investigation in the healthcare industry in an emerging market

Aditya Moses and Amalesh Sharma

Journal of Business Research

Although healthcare is one of the fastest growing sectors in the world, it faces crucial shortages in human resource (HR) availability and retention. This challenge is worsened in social enterprises. In this research, we build on a multimethod and a multistudy approach. In the first study, using an exploratory qualitative study, we identify HR practices that influence HR acquisition and retention. Utilizing an institutional logics lens, we propose that market logic and community logic-driven HR practices influence a firm's ability to acquire and retain HR. In the second study, we test our hypotheses using primary data from 182 faith-based hospitals in India and a robust empirical model accounting for endogeneity. We find that while market logic-driven HR practices help with HR acquisition, community logic-driven HR practices help with HR retention. In the third study, through a simple field experiment, we showcase that, indeed, market and community logic-based HR practices are responsible for HR acquisition and retention.

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Journal Articles | 2019

Do tweets create value? A multi-period analysis of Twitter use and content of tweets for manufacturing firms

Adrija Majumdar and Indranil Bose

International Journal of Production Economics

In this research we enquire if adoption of Twitter by manufacturing firms creates any value for the firm. We conduct two studies to examine the relationship between Twitter related activities of manufacturing firms and the market reaction towards these firms. We collect a novel multi-period dataset and analyse the overall impact of adoption of Twitter on Tobin's Q by employing a propensity score matching and difference-in-difference research design. Our findings suggest that adoption of Twitter increases the value of the firm post adoption. We also conduct additional robustness check such as use of Industry Week data as a proxy of firm value and find our results to be consistent. We adopt a text mining-based approach and examine the communication environment of the manufacturing firms. We use the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm for short texts and identify six broad topics among tweets posted by firms. Our panel regression based analysis suggests that there is positive association between divulging product related information and Tobin's Q. Our research showcases the strong impact of use of Twitter and contributes to the nascent literature on firm generated content. It is likely to encourage managers of manufacturing firms to start actively using Twitter for sharing product related information on social media.

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