Based on the papers presented at the Seminar 'Farm Mechanization for Small Scale Peasant Farming' held in Hangjhou, Peoples Republic of China (June 1982), the information obtained from a tour of Southern China undertaken by the author and other published sources, the status of farm mechanization was assessed. The current level of farm power available in China works out to 1.3 h/hect. If irrigation equipment is included this will go up to 2.68. There is variation in power use in different regions. The number of 4-W tractors also is nearly equal in both countries. The power tillers are now well established in China. In India however, these have not gained wide acceptance and usage. Both the countries started mechanization process nearly at the same time and with similar base. Use of machines seems to have grown faster in China compared to India. Perhaps, one of the reasons is that land has been gradually socialized in China, whereas in India, there are vast numbers of small holdings, individually owned and operated. An outline of farm machinery industry and research and educational institutions in China has also been developed.